There are a number of heat related illnesses, including heat stroke, heat exhaustion and heat cramps. 

Heat stroke, the most serious health problem for workers in hot environment, is caused by the failure of the body’s internal mechanism to regulate its core temperature, sweating stops and the body can no longer rid itself of the excess heat. 

Heat stroke symptoms, signs include mental confusion, delirium, loss of consciousness, convulsions or coma, body temperatures of 106 Fahrenheit or higher, hot dry skin which may be red, mottled or bluish. Victims may die unless treated promptly. 

Heatstroke treatment, medical help should be called. And the victim must be moved immediately to a cool area and his or her clothing soaked with cool water. Be er she should fanned vigorously to increasing cooling.

Heat exhaustion, developed as a result of fluid loss through sweating when a worker has failed to drink enough fluids, taken enough salt or both. A worker with heat exhaustion still sweats, but experiences extreme weakness or fatigue, giddiness, nausea or headache. The skin is clammy and moist, the complexion pale or flushed, and the body temperature normal or slightly high. The victim should rest in a cool place and drink salted liquids.

Heat cramps, painful spasms of the bone muscles are caused when workers drink large quantities of water but fail to replace their body's salt loss. Cramps may occur during or after working hours, and may be relieved by taking salt and liquids by mouth or saline solutions intravenously for quicker relief if medically determined to be required. 

First aid for most heat illnesses, act quickly and move the victim to a cool shaded area to rest. Don't leave the person alone. if symptoms include dizziness or light headedness, lay the victim on his or her back and raise his or her legs six to eight inches. If symptoms include nausea or upset stomach, lay the victim on his or her side, loosen and remove heavy clothing. Have the person drink cool water. One cup every 15 minutes unless sick to the stomach. Cool the person’s body by fanning and spraying with a cool mist of water or lying a wet cloth to the person's skin. Call 911 for emergency help, if the person does not feel better in a few minutes. 

Safe Practice

Do the heaviest work during the coolest part of the day and work people in pairs. Build up a tolerance to the heat and the work activity slowly. Most people need two weeks to adjust. Drink plenty of cool water about a cup every 15 minutes. Wear light, loose-fitting, breathable clothing. Take frequent short breaks in cool shaded areas to allow the body to cool down. Avoid eating large meals and drinking alcohol or caffeinated beverages before hot work. Taking certain medications, check with your pharmacist to see if any medicines you are taking affect you during hot work. 

A previous heat induced illness and personal protective equipment that can add to physical stress.